Tag Archives: Medicine

Moral Injury: Taking care of Sam

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Moral Injury

When I Googled “moral injury” the first definition that populated was, “Moral injury refers to the psychological, social and spiritual impact of events involving betrayal or transgression of one’s own deeply held moral beliefs and values occurring in high stakes situations.” The definition came from the site Open Arms which provides mental health services to Australian veterans.

You may have heard the term “moral injury” in the context of the military. However, moral injury is also common in other professions, not the least of which is medicine. The 3 reasons that are most prominent in my mind for moral injury in medicine are:

  • Our (the US) healthcare system is limited. Without universal healthcare our healthcare system is a commercial business where those with more money have access to care that those who are poor don’t. It means that the rich get better care overall than the poor regardless of the attempts of individuals working in medicine to deliver just care. The injustice comes because insurance and personal finances have the last word on any person’s access to medications, equipment, home health services, procedures, and surgeries. Without money in the US, you do not get full access to any of these health services.
  • Health is essential to wellbeing. Those who seek medical attention often have serious injury, life changing illnesses, and may be imminently dying. In medicine, we often take care of people at the worst time of their lives. We often deliver terrible news. We don’t always have good outcomes.
  • Healthcare is about people and every individual has their own beliefs and values. The doctors, nurses, and others taking care of a patient have different beliefs/values than the patient and each other. I’ve never had an experience in healthcare where every member of the healthcare team and the patient all had the same beliefs and values. And, in truth, I don’t think it’s possible.

I’ve experienced moral injury multiple times in my medical career. Sam’s case illustrates how my questions related to wellbeing and differing beliefs/values while caring for a patient opened the door to my moral injury. The injustice of commercial healthcare I’ll leave for another day. I’ve modified the details of Sam’s case (including the patient’s name) for patient privacy.

Taking Care of Sam

Sam came to the hospital because they believed their nursing home was abusing them. They were bedbound. They could feed themselves (if someone brought them food); yet they didn’t eat much. Were they refusing to eat because they didn’t want to or because it was uncomfortable to eat for some medical reason? They ate just enough to stay alive but not enough to thrive. In the time I cared for Sam, they became weaker and more confused partly from malnutrition. They also refused their medications. Did they have the right to refuse to eat and to refuse their medications even if it would hasten death and worsen their condition?

It was possible that Sam could live for 40 years more. Given their condition, would they want to live for 40 more years? Sam had days in which they understood what was going on. Yet, they often forgot things. Sam sometimes answered questions correctly and sometimes their thoughts trailed off to a land that was only barely understandable. How confused was Sam? Eventually it was decided that Sam couldn’t make their own decisions because they were too confused. The only person in the world who knew Sam outside of their healthcare team was an ex-partner. The ex-partner was designated as their legal decision maker because there was no one else.  Was an ex-partner the right person to decide what Sam’s medical treatment should be? Did this ex-partner have any idea what Sam would want in complex situations they had never talked about?

Sam was full code and full interventions per their ex-partner’s decision. This meant that every intervention Sam needed for their multiple medical conditions was to be pursued even if it caused discomfort. To do this Sam needed an IV. Sam pulled out every IV we placed (so they pulled one out about daily).They also pulled out multiple more permanent lines (basically deeper IVs that access bigger veins and are often held in place by stitches). We kept replacing the IVs. Was Sam pulling out the IVs because they were confused or because they didn’t want them?

As Sam’s nutritional status worsened and they missed more medications, my team suggested placing a tube in Sam’s stomach so that they could get proper nutrition and medications even if they refused to eat and didn’t have an IV.  Most days when I talked about this feeding tube with Sam, Sam said they didn’t want it. Did Sam know what they wanted? The ex-partner decided that Sam should get the feeding tube in case it helped improve their condition. They got the feeding tube. Did we know what was best for Sam?

Not long after Sam got the feeding tube, they went to the intensive care unit because their blood pressure was too low. They were placed in medical restraints (basically tied to the bed) so they wouldn’t pull out the IV through which they received a medication to help increase their blood pressure. Without that blood pressure medication, they might have died. That medication had to be given through an IV. Were the medical interventions we did for Sam helping or hurting?

Sam hated the restraints. They screamed, pleaded, and cried for us to take off the restraints. Were the restraints doing more harm than good? They screamed and yelled that they didn’t want any of the interventions that we were doing. Was Sam aware enough to know what they did and didn’t want? Sam could tell you their name and where they were; they’d lost track of why they were in the hospital, the month, and the year.

Sam survived and eventually returned to the regular hospital floor before being discharged to a nursing home. Sam’s hospitalization lasted months before a nursing facility accepted them. Did Sam want to prolong their life even though that meant going to a new nursing home? Would they have preferred to be made as comfortable as possible without medications and without being forced to eat? Would anyone ever truly know what Sam wanted? Would Sam’s right to make their own decisions ever be regranted?

Despite doing everything medicine could do for Sam, I’m still not sure if any of it is what Sam wanted. I’m still not sure if we did the right thing. And because of these uncertainties, I’m not sure if Sam’s case broke several of the most important principles of medical ethics: patient autonomy, do no harm, and beneficence.

The Sorting Hat of Medicine

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Recently, I was back in the emergency department (ED). Not as an EMT this time but as a doctor. It’s different as a doctor. In the years leading up to medical school, I worked as an EMT in the ED and volunteered on an ambulance. Being an EMT was my first patient care experience. It was eye-opening in many ways. Among the things I learned as an EMT is that I did not wish to become an emergency medicine doctor. My residency program (internal medicine) has us do a month in the ED as part of our first year of training to get a different experience and a different perspective.

The ED is like no other place in healthcare or in the world. There are few places where the staff have as much camaraderie. There are few places in the hospital where the staff laugh so much and the adrenaline runs so high. The ED also, perhaps, provides as many reasons to cry as to laugh – which is why those who work in the ED find ways to pick laughter over sorrow.

The ED is the sorting hat of medicine. My rotation as a doctor in the ED showed me that ED doctors are the gatekeeps to the hospital and the safety net for everyone who can’t access healthcare anywhere else. The doctor’s role in the ED is different than that of the EMT. As an EMT my day was filled with tasks – placing IVs, performing EKGs, getting snacks for patients, and so on. As an ED doctor there are fewer tasks than as an EMT but the tasks that remain are heavy. ED doctors make big decisions about which tests a patient needs and where they should go next – home, surgery, a regular medical floor, or an intensive care unit. ED doctors stabilize patients before they are shuttled off to other parts of the hospital. ED doctors reassure patients that they are okay before sending them home. ED doctors are the last contact for many people as they leave this world for what comes after death.

Some days in the ED are hectic and some are slow. ED doctors connect with every other specialty in the hospital. They consult specialists and convince other doctors to accept ED patients so that the patients can be admitted into the hospital. As much as ED doctors are the gatekeepers, they are also the connectors.

The ED runs at a blistering pace but when things are running well no patient stays there for long. Hours, yes, but not for days. Yet, some patients become known to the ED. They’re called “frequent fliers.” Frequent fliers are known by their ED doctors much like primary care doctors know their patients. Often frequent fliers don’t have a primary care doctor. And, so, when ED doctors take care of a frequent flier they may be the only doctor that patient has. The only doctor standing between that patient and no medical care at all.

The ED is the sorting hat of the hospital. As the leaders of the sorting hat, ED doctors have many roles. They are gatekeepers. They are also connectors and, for some, the only option. The ED is the bridge between the outside world and the hospital. I’m grateful for the folks (doctors and all the others) who choose to work in the ED because being the sorting hat is no small feat.

Springtime in Richmond

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The ospreys are back on the Richmond James River marking the arrival of spring in this city that sits at the hub of Virginia’s highways. Match Day, a different mark of spring, took place earlier this month. It always falls in March, an odd kind of Ides of March. This year, with that phase of the Doctorhood Quest behind me, I was unaffected by it. My Match Day will forever dwell on St. Patrick’s Day of 2023. That’s the day I found out I was moving to Richmond.

It was about this time last year when I saw Richmond for the first time. We visited the city only a week or so after Match Day to look at apartments. We wanted to move to our new home as soon as we could. I liked Richmond instantly. I’ve visited enough places and lived in enough more to know, as a gut feeling, if a place I visit is a place I could live happily. I had that sense about Richmond.

Spring is always a transition season but since I started the Doctorhood Quest it has come to mark additional important transitions that didn’t exist in my pre-doctor world. As I write this, I’m three-quarters of the way through my first year of residency (or one seventh through the whole thing). Residency years start on July 1, meaning that as spring slides into summer it marks the closing of one year and the opening of another year in residency. Residency years are hard years. As happy as I was last March when I transitioned from medical school for residency, I am enthusiastic to leave my first year of residency behind for the second year.

The seasons of my first year of residency almost followed the seasons as I knew them when I lived in Vermont. Summer was a glowing time when everything seemed possible because the leaves were new and vibrant; the sun stuck around longest. Fall was my favorite season because by that time the year was familiar; the weather was perfect. Winter was dark and gloomy; it was hard to understand why the world didn’t pause the whole season to drink mate and eat chocolate. Spring came with new hope and new beginnings.

With the ospreys back on the river and a recent vacation behind me, I’m excited to embrace spring. I love the ospreys and was so disheartened to learn last fall that they left for the winter. In Richmond there are numerous walking bridges across the James River from which you can see osprey nests and watch them hover-dive-catch fish. This spring marks a year living in Richmond and a year since graduating medical school.

Comparing this spring to last spring, I know the parks of Virginia way better now and so plotting my days off has become more exciting. And, more down to business, I’ve learned so much about medicine and how to be a doctor. The Doctorhood Quest continues just as the seasons march along unwaveringly. Year two of residency will be a time to develop independence and hone my knowledge. Internal medicine residency is three long years. So, I have two springs left before I get to confidently say I’m ready to work independently as a physician. Two more springs of celebrating the ospreys’ return as a resident. Then we’ll see where the Doctorhood Quest sends me. Perhaps I’ll also celebrate the James River ospreys as an independent physician too; only time will tell where I am three springs from now.  

The Doctor Pronounced Them Dead, The Doctor Was Me

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It was raining when I left the hospital. Perhaps the rain marked new beginnings for a soul recently gone or perhaps it was simply droplets falling because the clouds were too full to hold them. Death wasn’t new to me. My years in emergency medicine prior to starting medical school ensured that. I’d felt and smelled death before. I’d contemplated its inevitability and its conflicting identities of tragedy and blessing. Some of the deaths I’ve seen were sad beyond measure and some peaceful.

This patient’s death, the one I’d witnessed just before stepping into the rain, was my first as a doctor. For the first time it was my job to do the exam that declared the patient legally dead. It was my first time stating the time of death and filling out the paperwork declaring death. It was my first time calling a patient’s family to deliver the news that their loved one had died. I’d wondered how long after starting residency it would be before I would complete these somber duties for the first time. Now I know, 8 months.

It was one of the easier deaths I’ve witnessed. It came at the end of a long life. It was expected given the patient’s condition. In fact, just that morning, I’d started the patient on medications to keep them comfortable as they entered the home stretch of their life. I’d spoken to the family as they visited that day. As I walked in the rain, I couldn’t help but wonder if the patient had waited to hear their family members’ voices one last time before giving in to rest. After all, the patient died only hours after their family left the hospital. Their family wouldn’t see them again.

When a patient dies, we complete a discharge order, note summarizing what happened during the patient’s hospitalization, and progress note describing the circumstances of their death. This paperwork makes the process of death much like any other administrative task a doctor has. Yet, though technically similar, these notes feel different. Unlike other daily progress notes and summaries of hospital stays that fill patient’s charts, these death notes are not just a chapter but a conclusion and, because of this, they seem more important.

The inside of my car was fogged when I got in. Somehow the rain had cooled the outside while the warmth of the inside of my car lingered. I turned on the windshield wipers and blasted the air. I couldn’t really see but I decided I could see well enough to start slowly rolling forward. The rain drops bounced off my car. As I drove in the rain, I became sure that it marked new beginnings for a recently passed soul. Nothing else could possibly make the sky weep so beautifully. I wonder if the person whose soul had passed believed in some kind of afterlife. I imagined them observing my little car driving through the rain from wherever they were. I hoped they were happy. At least I knew their troubles in my world were done. May they rest in peace.  

The Winter Doldrums

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Winter in Virginia is quite nice from a weather perspective. Most winter days this year have been in the 50-70s and sunny. Yet, despite the loveliness of winter in Virginia, spending so much time in the hospital (as us residents do) means I only catch glimpses of it. Like a plant kept too far from the window, I feel like I’m missing the sun’s warmth. I’m in the middle of a several-month stretch of hospital rotations where either I have one day off a week or am working nights – which is the perfect environment for the winter doldrums to flourish. So, it comes as no surprise that I’ve found the doldrums creeping in around the edges of my life like a vignette Instagram filter darkens just the outer edges of photos.

My doldrums is a weariness that hovers below the surface and presents itself in small ways. Forgotten facts like place names and life tidbits that were once second-nature. Moments at work feeling longer than eternity and moments at home passing faster than light moves. Waking up tired after sleeping enough. Sitting on the couch sipping mate and watching my plants grow more often than I usually do. Contemplating where I’ve been and missing Paraguay as I trudge home from long shifts. Like most moods, I’ve taken some time to observe my doldrums. It seems stable and temporary, especially knowing better times will be here soon.

Learning medicine is a long journey where knowledge builds with each passing situation, decision, and interaction on the job. Now that I’m over 6 months into residency, residency (itself) is familiar. My focus has shifted from learning my new role and how to complete tasks to growing as a doctor and deepening my knowledge.

The doctorhood quest is a process with a high level of granularity. I make daily tradeoffs between learning more and undertaking life (chores, fitness, rest, etc.) – sometimes the pendulum falls on the side of learning and sometimes it falls on the side of life. Everything can’t be done at once, or ever really, but progress is made step by step.

The upside of the doldrums is that it’s a contemplative state which is suited for winter when the days are too short to maximize outdoor time. I’ve been thinking about what kind of doctor I hope to be by the end of residency. I’ll be done with residency sooner than it seems on these long winter nights. Just as winter will soon be replaced by spring. With the start of spring, winter and its moods will fade. The doldrums will melt away leaving a summer state of mind. Moods and periods of life are nothing more than a type of season. What a lucky thing that summers are long in Virginia and the winter doldrums finite.

Today We Start Insulin

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“Today we are going to start you on insulin. Given your high A1C level (a lab that shows your average blood sugar over 3 months), it is recommended so that we can better lower your blood sugar. Lowering your blood sugar is important because when your blood sugar is this high it can affect many aspects of your health including severely increasing your risk of heart disease and stroke,” I said. It was the second time I’d seen this patient in my clinic. They were quick to laugh and had a full life.

The patient hung their head. This was the first time I had started someone on insulin as a primary care doctor (we use insulin exclusively to manage diabetes in the hospital, but in the outpatient setting it’s reserved for specific indications). Starting insulin isn’t supposed to be punitive but some patients feel as though it is because of the stigma associated with diabetes.

There are numerous medical diseases and conditions that are stigmatized. Among the most common I see are diabetes, obesity, psychiatric diseases, and sexually transmitted diseases. People with diabetes are often blamed for having the disease. If or when they require insulin, the patient may feel like their need for insulin is a failure because their blood sugar was not controlled with other treatment measures. People with diabetes can be labeled as “weak” and “lacking self-control.” This labeling is out-of-place and unproductive. While lifestyle (such as diet and exercise) does contribute to the development and progression of diabetes, lifestyle is only part of the story.

In addition to individual choices, other parts of life like genetics, environment, and the social determinants of health have an important impact on health outcomes including the development of chronic diseases like diabetes. Further, it is critical to be able to have open and respectful conversations about patients’ individual situations and how their lives might be optimized to manage their diabetes and to reduce their likelihood of developing complications from diabetes. Stigma gets in the way of having these open, respectful conversations. When people have diabetes, the disease can severely increase their risk of death by heart disease and complications such as vision loss, nerve damage, kidney damage, and infection. This makes management of diabetes with a multimodal approach – including lifestyle optimization and medications – essential. Judgement has no place in developing a therapeutic plan.

When I recommended insulin to my patient, it was not as punishment. It was without judgement. It was out of concern for their health. The strategies we had tried to lower their blood sugar to that point weren’t working. The patient was doing so well otherwise. They didn’t have kidney problems. Their feet still had feeling. They hadn’t had a heart attack. I wanted them to live without these complications for as long as possible.

As the patient left the appointment, I was hopeful that our new strategy would help them lower their blood sugar. I also hoped that this patient felt respected even if they were unhappy about starting insulin. I’d see how they did with the insulin at our next visit. Time would tell if insulin at the dose we started would work for them or if we would need to make further adjustments. Chronic conditions require long-term (often life-long) treatment plans. Flexibility to adjust the plan as life develops is critical for success. This patient with diabetes was no exception. I looked forward to working together to lower their blood sugar in the months and years ahead. 

More Than Half the Days

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It was a regular primary care visit and my patient felt well. I clarified several of their questions about how to take their medications properly and why some of the medical treatments we’d prescribed them were important for their overall health and life expectancy. The conversation flowed. They were engaging and exuded positivity.

It came to the part of the visit when I went through my system-generated reminders based on the patient’s medical record (topics and screenings I was supposed to review at certain intervals with my patients as their primary care doctor). Among the reminders was a depression screening questionnaire which was due.

“How many times in the past two weeks have you felt like you would be better off dead? Options are ‘not at all,’ ‘several days,’ ‘more than half the days,’ and ‘every day,’” I said.

“More than half the days,” the patient said. The questionnaire was 9 questions long. By the end, it was clear that the patient had untreated depression. Interesting how the first part of our appointment didn’t suggest depression. To uncover the patient’s depression required additional, and specific, evaluation.

“Tell me more about what you mean by these feelings,” I said walking through their answers to each of the questions on the depression screening questionnaire.

The patient would go on to describe living alone with no friends or family nearby. No activities outside the home. A lifetime of being socially awkward – preferring to be alone because of the awkwardness. Feeling as though they had a hard time connecting with people. “I thought it was just normal for someone my age,” they said, referring to their feelings of sadness and thoughts of death.

How common is depression? Is it normal to be depressed? What exactly is the difference between the medical definition of depression and a transient dark mood?

A lot about being a primary care doctor is brainstorming solutions to life’s persistent problems. Sometimes there are medications that can help, but usually the non-medication interventions and lifestyle changes are just as (or more) important than the medications.

The patient and I discussed how to take their antidepressant correctly (they were already on a medication for depression, but they were not taking it daily as intended due to confusion on how it was designed to be taken).We discussed exercise classes to strengthen the mind and body and to create an avenue to be around other people sometimes. We discussed hobbies and activities that brought them joy. We discussed what might be normal for their age.

This patient was motivated. Perhaps they could find a path to better mental health. It would take time. The brain is the hardest organ to heal. To help ease the journey, my clinic had all kinds of mental health resources (including exercise classes) patients could use for free. When we finished our visit, I walked the patient over to the mental health team’s office attached to my clinic. The mental health team would share with the patient additional resources beyond those offered by primary care such as individual and group therapy sessions.  

The statement, “more than half the days” would resurface in my thoughts for weeks to come. Not because it was unusual, but because depression is so common. I’ve known how common depression is since I entered healthcare. But, for the first time, I have the chance to help some patients find a path to healing now that I’m a primary care physician. Of course, the clinic where I work is special and has more mental health resources than most primary care clinics in the US.

What would I have done for this patient and others like them if my clinic was not set up to help people with mental health challenges? What if there were no therapists, wellness classes, or psychiatrists on staff to help any patient who came through my door? What if this patient had to wait for months before they could be seen for their mental health concerns?

When the phrase “more than half the days,” crossed my mind I thought about the 1000s of people walking around feeling they’d be better off dead more than half the days of their lives. I thought of the probability of there being time during their regular primary care visit to be properly diagnosed with depression. I thought about the probability of their primary care clinic having the resources needed to help them if their depression was diagnosed. The math suggested that many people’s depression would go undiagnosed or, if diagnosed, untreated because many people couldn’t access the treatments they needed. To be profitable primary care appointments get shorter and shorter, with many clinics scheduling appointments that are 20 minutes or less. The length of the appointment doesn’t factor in the complexity of the patient even though as patients become more medically complex, a 20-minute appointment becomes more absurd. Between health insurance access issues, healthcare costs, and healthcare professional shortages many patients don’t have access to medications, therapy, and other mental health treatments that have been proven to work.

Healthcare in the US has so much opportunity for improvement it’s maddening. No setting reminds me of this more than primary care. No disease category reminds me of this more than mental health. The better I know the US healthcare system, the less hopeful I become that it will ever serve all people. But sometimes there are little micro settings where all the resources a patient needs are there if they choose to use them. This patient was in that situation and, so, I was hopeful that they’d find a future in which they felt better off alive than dead more than half the days. I was hopeful that they wouldn’t die by suicide.

Depression can be sticky and hard to overcome in the best circumstances. But depression, like all diseases, is more likely to be cured when the patient can access the best treatments. The more I learn about healthcare, the more I believe everyone should have access to the best treatment for the most common conditions. And, currently, that is not the reality in America.

References:

Maybe Tomorrow

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“Maybe tomorrow you can be discharged,” the doctor leading my team said to the patient. I’d lost track of how many days in a row he had said that.

The patient had cancer and was undergoing treatment. Did you know that chemo is poison? We use it hoping to destroy cancer before we destroy the person who has the cancer. Chemo saves lives. Chemo causes all kinds of side effects. Chemo often works. Chemo doesn’t always work.

This patient was neutropenic which means that they had no white blood cells to fight infection. No white blood cells to fight infection means even the wimpiest infection could kill them. To avoid death by infection, they needed to stay in the hospital for IV antibiotics and monitoring every time they had a fever.

We couldn’t find the cause of their fever. No source of infection. 24 hours without a fever, “Maybe tomorrow you can discharge, you just need to be 48 hours without a fever to go home,” my supervising doctor said to the patient.

The patient’s red blood cell count dropped so they needed a blood transfusion. Were they bleeding? “Maybe tomorrow you can discharge, if you don’t need another transfusion.”

 They also had a rash. Was that from chemo, cancer, or something else? It was a really uncomfortable-looking rash. Blisters and red all over their torso. “Maybe tomorrow.”

The “maybe tomorrows” dragged on. All the patient wanted to do was go home. They wanted to have some control over their life. They wanted to feel the breeze on their cheeks. They wanted to live. They wanted to see their friends and family. But cancer is a tricky beast. It takes one’s freedom and lands one in the hospital more days than anyone would ever choose.

But, at last, tomorrow did come. We were all happy when the supervising doctor said the patient could leave the hospital. The patient was excited to go home. No one mentioned that it was only a matter of time before they’d be back to start another string of maybe tomorrows. Sometimes there’s no point in saying things that everyone already knows. No need to speak the unpleasant into existence. It will come when it comes.

The patients and families on the cancer wards are among the strongest people you’ll ever meet. Their strength is like the endurance of ultramarathoners, not sprinters. Their strength is one of days running into weeks running into months. Counting the years. Their strength is one of setbacks and small victories. Of bodies changed and freedom lost to be reinvented. Their strength is keeping hope for tomorrow while knowing that it may never come.

Tell Me One Fun Fact About You

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It can be anything. Your favorite vacation, a hobby…

“I’ve been to 157 US cities.”

“I love my grandchildren. I like to facetime them.”

“I have a mermaid tail. It’s pink and purple.”

“I have a wife and kids waiting for me at home.”

“I liked to play basketball as a child.”

“I care about people.”

“I used to ride in the rodeo.”

“My favorite place to vacation is the Caribbean.”

“My son recently got married. I don’t like my new daughter-in-law.”

I look at hundreds of labs values a day. I review vital signs, recorded bowel movements, and urine output in milliliters for all my patients daily. I place orders and write notes. I answer a nursing question about every 6 minutes during the busiest part of my day. I discuss every patient with my supervising attending. I discuss complicated parts of my patients’ treatment with my senior resident. I coordinate with nutrition, social work, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech, and numerous others to ensure patients are taken care of while they’re in the hospital and safely discharged. I examine every patient every day and if their status changes (like their blood pressure drops) I re-examine them. I do more, but this paragraph is already too long.

The constellation of the medical workup I order, medications I prescribe, and information I gather about my patients’ symptoms are how I figure out what is ailing them and how to treat it. As you can imagine, when so much of my energy is focused on sorting through data, it’s easy to forget that under all the data I collect are people.

The best doctors I’ve worked with each have their own way of reminding themselves that they are caring for people not just treating vessels of illness represented by labs, imaging, and physical exam findings. And, within the past few months, I decided to develop my own method as I plan to be among the best doctors. It’s tricky because as a doctor there isn’t time to learn many of the details of our patients’ lives. There is time to learn something small, however, if I prioritize it.

My way to learn something about my patients as people is to ask about something nonmedical. My phrasing is, “Tell me one fun fact about you. It can be anything, such as a hobby or a favorite place you vacationed.” I’ve learned about the most amazing people this way.

The above simple inquiry has made all the difference in my practice as a doctor and my ability to endure the hustle that is inherent to residency. It’s easier to arrive at the hospital 6 days a week by 6 am (and leave often more than 12 hours later) when I’m showing up to help someone with family and a mermaid tail to go home to compared to showing up for a pile of numbers representing blood counts, vital signs, and urine volume.

It’s the people who are the patients who make medicine different from any other profession where people aren’t the subject. And it’s the people who have shared their fun facts with me who continually remind me why I entered the medical profession and where I’m going with it. And for that, I am most grateful.

Night Float

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The hospital is 24-7 all year long so there are always staff who care for patients overnight. I was the doctor on a night medicine crew for a few weeks recently. That stretch, I worked in a veterans hospital which meant all my patients had two things in common: they were in the hospital and had served in the military.

Here are some snippets from my nights:

  • “Let us know if anything changes,” I said as I left the room having been called there because the patient’s heart rate had dipped for a few minutes. They were in the hospital because their heart was beating too slowly. Therefore, any time their heart went even slower it was concerning and I went to evaluate them. On this visit to their room, the patient’s symptoms were unchanged from earlier that night and the night before. They were stable, though lightheaded. How to best manage their heart was being explored by the day team. The patient had insomnia even when not in the hospital. I was holding the sleeping medication they’d used for months because it could make their heart slower. It was our second night together, the patient and I, and we were doing our best to get through it. They watched TV because they couldn’t sleep and I answered pages (yep, in healthcare we still use pagers and faxes), saw patients, and ordered medications as the need arose.
  • I stopped by a patient’s room early in the night because they were a “watcher” (someone who was on my “watch carefully list” because they were more likely than others to take a turn for the worse). They had recently turned 80 and were chatty. They glanced up at the news on the TV in the room, “Politics in this country is in a terrible state,” they said. I expressed my agreement. “We got shot at for this,” the patient said, shaking their head and nodding at the TV. Six million responses flashed through my mind; none expressed what I wanted to say. None made the gravity of their statement less.
  • I was called to a patient’s room multiple times over several nights. Every time they were writhing in abdominal pain. Every time they had their blanket over their head. What kind of trauma had this grown-up person survived to feel it necessary to hide under their blanket in the hospital? Our workup, so far, was negative. No explanation for their pain. We tried treating constipation and urinary retention. We tried nausea medicine. None of that helped. Tylenol wasn’t working. What else should I try? Should I give this patient another small dose of opioid medication like they got during the day? Were they seeking out opioid medication because they were addicted to opioids or were they just in pain? Did it matter if they were drug seeking because of addiction if their pain was real? Was their pain real? If their pain was real, was an opiate the best tool I had to help lessen it?
  • I walked briskly. A patient who was admitted for a small stroke had an evolving headache. Maybe it was just a headache, but I wasn’t going to just give Tylenol and not examine the patient. It would be terrible to miss a second stroke we might be able to do something about. Head and neck pain. Their neuro exam was normal – no weakness or sensation changes. I examined their neck. My heart jumped with joy. There under my fingertips was a good old regular muscle knot. We have great medications for muscle pain. Besides, hospital beds are uncomfortable. When this patient got home (especially if they stretched) their knot would surely go away. Finally, a fixable problem!

There’s something surreal about starting your shift when the sun is setting and driving home to sleep after the sun rises – driving in work traffic going the opposite direction as everyone else on the work-home axis. Some nights in the hospital seemed to move backward and other nights zoomed by. I don’t recommend the night shift and I never will – this wasn’t my first rodeo as we used to say in the ED where I first worked night shift. Yet, this was my first time on nights as a doctor. Night float afforded me more independence than I’d had previously. I grew as the nights trudged on. As I drove home on the morning of my last night shift, I felt a little bit more like a physician than I ever had before. And though tired and excited to transition back to days, the feeling of growth was rewarding.